Groundbreaking research from Cornell University (Ithaca, New York) suggests that cannabinoids derived from hemp could serve as a natural pesticide. The study, led by Larry Smart, a plant breeder and professor at Cornell AgriTech’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), found that higher cannabinoid concentrations in hemp leaves correlate with reduced pest damage. These findings were published in the journal Horticulture Research in November 2023.
Potential for Natural Pesticides in Non-Edible Plants
This research opens new doors for the development of cannabinoid-based pesticides, particularly for non-edible plants. According to a report from HempToday, these restrictions stem from the pharmacological properties of cannabinoids such as CBDA, THCA, and CBGA, which convert into more well-known compounds like CBD, THC, and CBG when exposed to heat.
Cannabinoids and Their Role in Plant Defense
For years, scientists have explored the role of cannabinoids in protecting plants from herbivores, ultraviolet radiation, and pathogens. Researchers hypothesize that these compounds function as natural defense mechanisms in hemp and cannabis plants.
“It has long been speculated that cannabinoids serve as defensive compounds, primarily accumulating in female flowers to safeguard seeds—a common plant adaptation,” said Larry Smart, senior author of the study. “However, until now, there has been no comprehensive research directly linking cannabinoid accumulation with its effects on insect pests.”
Developing Pest-Resistant Hemp Varieties
This study provides critical insights into how cannabinoids function in natural ecosystems. It also paves the way for the development of THC-compliant hemp cultivars that retain their natural resistance to pests.
“Understanding these natural plant defenses could help us breed pest-resistant hemp varieties,” said George Stack, a postdoctoral researcher in Smart’s lab.
Future Research on Sap-Sucking Insects
Cornell researchers are now expanding their study to investigate how sap-sucking insects like aphids react to cannabinoids. Additionally, the team is analyzing the South African woolly umbrella plant to explore whether its properties offer any pest-control benefits.
“The idea of using cannabinoids as natural pesticides is an exciting frontier,” Stack added. “However, regulatory challenges remain due to the pharmacological nature of these compounds. More studies are needed to determine which pests they effectively target.”
This pioneering research could redefine pest control strategies and contribute to the sustainable agriculture movement. Stay tuned as scientists continue to unlock the full potential of hemp-derived cannabinoids in plant protection.
References : https://whttps://hemptoday.net/research-shows-hemp-derived-cannabinoids-could-be-basis-for-natural-pesticides/
https://academic.oup.com/hr/article/10/11/uhad207/7311041?login=false
